The Fascinating History of the Classic Martini

Few cocktails evoke sophistication and timeless style like the martini. Whether you prefer it shaken or stirred, with gin or vodka, this iconic drink has a rich history that spans over a century. Let’s explore how the martini became the ultimate symbol of elegance in cocktail culture.

Origins of the Martini

The true origin of the martini is a subject of debate among historians and cocktail enthusiasts. One popular story traces the drink back to Martinez, California, in the 1860s–1880s. According to legend, a bartender created a special drink for a gold miner using gin, sweet vermouth, maraschino liqueur, and bitters – what was then called the Martinez cocktail.

Another theory places the martini’s roots in New York City, where bartenders in the late 19th century experimented with gin and vermouth, drawing inspiration from the popular Manhattan cocktail. By the early 20th century, the classic combination of gin and dry vermouth had become the standard.

Evolution of the Martini

Over time, the martini evolved to match changing tastes:

• Sweet to Dry: The original version often used sweet vermouth, but by the 1920s, dry vermouth became the preferred choice, creating the dry martini we know today.
• Gin to Vodka: While gin remains the traditional base spirit, vodka martinis gained popularity in the mid-20th century, particularly in the United States.
• Garnish Choices: Lemons twists were the first common garnish, but olives quickly became iconic. Some modern variations even include cocktail onions for a Gibson martini twist.

Martini in Popular Culture

The martini has long been associated with style, elegance, and sophistication. Its appearance in James Bond films cemented its status as the cocktail of the glamorous and discerning. Legendary bartenders, like Jerry Thomas, also helped popularize and standardize the drink, ensuring it became a staple of classic cocktail menus around the world.

How to Make a Classic Martini

Here’s a simple, timeless recipe:

Ingredients:

• 2 ½ oz gin (or vodka)
• ½ oz dry vermouth
• Ice
• Lemon twist or olive for garnish

Instructions:

1. Fill a mixing glass with ice and add the gin and vermouth.
2. Stir (or shake) until chilled.
3. Strain into a chilled martini glass.
4. Garnish with a lemon twist or olive.